margaret hamilton biography

At the time, computer science and software engineering were not yet established disciplines; instead, programmers learned on the job with hands-on experience. [10] She says her poet father and headmaster grandfather inspired her to include a minor in philosophy in her studies. (196566; Hamilton had been offered the role of Grandmama, but turned it down. Hamilton was cast after Gale Sondergaard, who was first considered for the role, albeit as a more glamorous witch with a musical scene, declined the role when the decision was made that the witch should appear ugly.[6]. This overloaded the central processing unit during the landing, but fortunately, the software recovered in the heated moments before Apollo 11 touched down. Searching to find out more about Margaret Hamilton? Margaret Hamilton, ne Margaret Heafield, (born August 17, 1936, Paoli, Indiana, U.S.), American computer scientist who was one of the first computer software programmers; she created the term software engineer to describe her work. Hamilton was born in Cleveland, Ohio and practiced her craft doing children's theater while she was a Junior League of Cleveland member. Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Wed, 2022-06-01 07:53, By Maia Weinstock | MIT News Office Dedication and commitment were a given. Four years later, she obtained the Bachelor of Arts in Mathematics at Earlham College, Richmond, Indiana (USA). We knew that. Even adolescents. American software engineer and businesswoman, American computer programmer, businessman, and philanthropist. Hamilton's line from The Wizard of Oz "I'll get you, my pretty, and your little dog, too!" Related: Apollo Coder and 'Apollo 13' Actor Receive Presidential Medals of Freedom, SpaceX scrubs Crew-6 astronaut launch due to ignition-fluid issue, Experience SpaceX's Crew-6 astronaut mission with these amazing photos, DNA from 4 American presidents will launch to deep space, Asteroid Ryugu is rich in organic molecules that can be building blocks of life, On This Day In Space: Feb. 26, 1966: 1st launch of Saturn 1B rocket, Your monthly guide to stargazing & space science, Subscribe today and save an extra 5% with code 'LOVE5', Issues delivered straight to your door or device. Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, to Jennie (Adams) and Walter Hamilton. Space is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. She had a small role in the made-for-television film The Night Strangler (1973) and appeared as a befuddled neighbor on Sigmund and the Sea Monsters, who is a friend of the very similar Mary Wickes. Until the day she died, she had children recognizing her and coming up to her to ask why she was so mean to Dorothy. By Maia Weinstock | MIT News Office ], She married Paul Boynton Meserve on June 13, 1931, and made her debut on the New York City stage the following year. She appeared in The Phil Silvers Show episode S2E20 Bilko Enters Politics (05 February 1957). CAPE ISLAND Tour boat operators sometimes entertained their passengers by referring to Cape Island as "Witch's Island." That's because the primary resident there, during summers from 1961 to 1985, was Margaret Hamilton, the actor who played the Wicked Witch of the West and Elmira Gulch in the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz.. In 1986 Margaret founded the company Hamilton Technologies in Cambridge, Massachusetts. more information Accept. Armstrong had no time for lengthy explanations. [13][14][15] Her work contributed to Lorenz's publications on chaos theory. Corrections? While a decision was made in the moment to let the astronauts land, Hamilton pointed out that a fault analysis was done to see where the error was made. Her family later moved to Michigan and Hamilton attended the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, for a time. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. They like to hear it but they 'don't' like to hear it. In reality, she cared deeply about children, frequently giving to charitable organizations. [4] However, in mid-1959, Hamilton began working for Edward Norton Lorenz, in the meteorology department at MIT. As she grew, she quickly developed a passion for mathematics and decided to work in this domain. Margaret Hamilton. In 2003, she was given the NASA Exceptional Space Act Award for scientific and technical contributions. [48] Others have used HOS to formalize the semantics of linguistic quantifiers,[49] and to formalize the design of reliable real-time embedded systems. After graduating in 1958, she taught high-school mathematics for a short time. JWST finds galaxies that shouldn't exist! At the time, no schools taught software engineering, so the team members had to work out any problems on their own. [81][14] The couple then moved to Boston, Massachusetts,[14] where they had a daughter, Lauren, born on November 10, 1959. Margaret Hamilton was born in 1936 in the United States. It is ironic that her performance as the Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz (1939) was so scary to children, because her first job was as a kindergarten teacher. And it was at the age of 22 that she graduated from Earlham . [16] A Republican, she supported the campaign of Dwight Eisenhower during the 1952 presidential election. Her "priority display" innovation had created a knock-on risk that astronaut and computer would slip out of synch just when it mattered most. Margaret Hamilton is an American software engineer and computer scientist best known for leading the team responsible for creating the software for the Apollo moon missions and Skylab space station. Hamilton led the software engineering division at Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Instrumentation Laboratory. She appeared on an episode of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood in 1975 where she explained to children she was only playing a role and showed how putting on a costume "transformed" her into the witch. Coming up with solutions and new ideas was an adventure. Hamilton was a regular parishioner of the Presbyterian church. Her son, interviewed for the 2005 DVD edition of the film, commented that Hamilton enjoyed the line so much, she sometimes used it in her real life. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. It even printed out its answers in Latin and Greek. For Hamilton, although Apollo 11 was monumental, she relished the challenge of doing her job for it. [23] This included error detection and recovery software such as restarts and the Display Interface Routines (also known as the Priority Displays), which Hamilton designed and developed. I was the first one to get it to work. The mirrors at the Ivanpah plant were configured to create a picture of Hamilton and the Apollo 11 by moonlight. When I was the beginner they gave it to me as well. My Little Chickadee. According to Hamilton, this now-iconic image (at left, above) was taken at MIT in 1969 by a staff photographer for the Instrumentation Laboratory later named the Draper Laboratory and today an independent organization for use in promotion of the labs work on the Apollo project. They married in the late 1950s, after she graduated in mathematics. I said, 'Yes?' If you continue to use this website without changing your cookie settings or you click "Accept" below then you are consenting to this. skywriting sequence at the Emerald City. [18] In 1979, she was a guest speaker at a University of Connecticut children's literature class. [54][60] The IEEE Software September/October 2018 issue celebrates the 50th anniversary of software engineering. Margaret Hamilton Biography, Facts & Life Story. Hat, Coat and Glove. marriedcelebrity; April 19, 2019; Celebrity Gossip; Born as Margaret Heafield, she is an American system engineer, computer scientist and a woman entrepreneur as well. She is a member of famous Actress with the age 83 years old group. Biography of Margaret Hamilton, American Computer Scientist, Biography of Elizabeth Barrett, British poet, Biography of Ursula von der Leyen, German politician, Biography of Isabel Zendal, Spanish nurse, Biography of Sheila Herrero, Spanish athlete, Biography of Genoveva Torres, Spanish religious. The company was developed around the Universal Systems Language (USL) and its associated automated environment, the 001 Tool Suite, based on her paradigm of development before the fact for systems design and software development.[32][51][52]. In the 1960s, Hamilton was a regular on another CBS soap opera, The Secret Storm, playing the role of Grace Tyrell's housekeeper, Katie. Biography in: "The Scribner Encyclopedia of American Lives". Daneman's nephew refused to meet Hamilton because even though he understood she was an actress, he thought it was still possible she really was like the character in the movie. The Opportunity of a Lifetime. The Directors verdict reached Neil on the radio: GO, Go ahead, free. Margaret Hamilton Career Profession: Computer Scientist, Systems Engineer and Business Owner Known For: Director of the "Software Engineering Division" of the "MIT Instrumentation Laboratory", which developed "On-board Flight Software for NASA's Apollo Space Program Debut: Film debut: These Three (1936) Movie poster Net Worth: $12 Million Approx Hamilton played two credited roles in the famous film: Almira Gulch and the Wicked Witch of the West. "From my own perspective, the software experience itself (designing it, developing it, evolving it, watching it perform and learning from it for future systems) was at least as exciting as the events surrounding the mission," she said. Storey was born in San Francisco, California, into an educated household. Margaret Dawn Hamilton AM (23 June 1941 - 24 November 2022) [1] was an Australian children's literature publisher who served as the National President of the Children's Book Council of Australia from 1991 to 1992 and as a National Board Member until April 2017 when she formally retired. 1. Margaret Hamilton was born on August 17, 1936. "Margaret Hamilton, 82, Dies; Played Wicked Witch In 'Oz', "Ah, The Songs of Long Ago! Margaret Hamilton Computer Scientist MIT Computer scientist Margaret Hamilton poses with the Apollo guidance software she and her team developed at MIT. Pres. After graduation she married her first husband, James Cox Hamilton, and . Principal Investigator, Magnetometer Instrument, Cassini Mission, This site is maintained by the Planetary Science Communications team at. If the latter case, this would be Hamilton's third but uncredited role. "[13] She appeared as herself in three episodes of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, between 1975 and 1976, because Fred Rogers wanted his viewers to recognize the Wicked Witch was just a character and not something to be afraid of. Her crisp voice with rapid but clear enunciation was another trademark. Not because of his acceptance of the new 'term' per se, but because we had earned his and the acceptance of the others in the room as being in an engineering field in its own right. A brief history of the famous 1969 photo of the software that sent humans to the Moon. Margaret Heafield Hamilton was born on August 17, 1936, in Paoli, Indiana. In 2017, she was one of a handful of Nasa women to be immortalised as a Lego figurine .On the 50th anniversary of the first moon landing, Hamilton, 82, looks back on her trailblazing work in. Without exaggeration, it could be said that the heroes of the arrival to the Moon were four: Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, Michael Collins and Margaret Hamilton. One of the many contributors to this effort was Margaret Hamilton, a computer scientist who led the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which in 1961 contracted with NASA to develop the Apollo programs guidance system. Margaret had already built her resume with several performances in film before she came to her most memorable and astronomically successful role, Almira Gulch / The Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz (1939). Check out Margaret Hamilton's Bio Now What are the Van Allen Belts and why do they matter? Half a century ago, MIT played a critical role in the development of the flight software for NASAs Apollo program, which landed humans on the Moon for the first time in 1969. The original caption, she says, reads: Here, Margaret is shown standing beside listings of the software developed by her and the team she was in charge of, the LM [lunar module] and CM [command module] on-board flight software team.. Under her married name of Margaret Meserve, she served on the Beverly Hills Board of Education from 1948 to 1951. Elizabeth first got interested in space after watching the movie Apollo 13 in 1996, and still wants to be an astronaut someday. Social Media Lead: Hamilton next worked at MITs Instrumentation Laboratory (now the independent Charles Stark Draper Laboratory), which provided aeronautical technology for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). She was severely burned during the "Surrender Dorothy!" As an adult, she worked on NASA's Apollo program, creating computer programs to guide spacecraft to and from the moon. Margaret Hamilton, ne Margaret Heafield, (born August 17, 1936, Paoli, Indiana, U.S.), American computer scientist who was one of the first computer software programmers; she created the term software engineer to describe her work. [14] On October 30, 1975, she guest-starred on the radio revival series CBS Radio Mystery Theater. Credit: Deansfa Marriage and family of Margaret Hamilton Volume One, 1981-1985, pages 360-361. It turned out that the astronaut checklist, which governed the actions the crew had to do before landing, had the crew set the rendezvous radar hardware switch in the wrong position. Because software was a mystery, a black box, upper management gave us total freedom and trust. DAAAE30-02-D-1020 and DAAB07-98-D-H502/0180, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ, 20032004. Qualification: BA in Mathematics with a Minor in Philosophy, College: Earlham College, University of Michigan, Profession: Computer Scientist, Systems Engineer and Business Owner, Known For: Director of the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which developed On-board Flight Software for NASAs Apollo Space Program, James Cox Hamilton; (m. 1958; div. Phil Davis She was 82 years old. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. From 1961 to 1963, Hamilton worked on the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) Project at the MIT Lincoln Lab,[14] where she was one of the programmers who wrote software for the prototype AN/FSQ-7 computer (the XD-1), used by the U.S. Air Force to search for possibly unfriendly aircraft. Hamilton, now an independent computer scientist, described for MIT News in 2009 her contributions to the Apollo software which last month was added in its entirety to the code-sharing site GitHub: From my own perspective, the software experience itself (designing it, developing it, evolving it, watching it perform and learning from it for future systems) was at least as exciting as the events surrounding the mission. Quote her most famous line, however, and watch their eyes blink awake with recognition: "I'll get you my pretty! Even with her extensive film career, Hamilton took roles in whatever medium she could get if she was free, making her soap opera debut as the nasty Mrs. Sayre on Valiant Lady, who schemed to prevent her daughter from marrying the heroine's son. A Slight Case of Murder. [81][80] She briefly taught high school mathematics and French at a public school in Boston, Indiana. Hamilton spent six weeks recovering from the incident and refused to do any more fire-related stunts on the film set. [1], On November 22, 2016, Hamilton received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from president Barack Obama for her work leading to the development of on-board flight software for NASA's Apollo Moon missions. We had to find a way and we did. She was portrayed by Fenella Woolgar in "Judy" (2019). Hamilton, now an independent computer scientist, described for MIT News in 2009 her contributions to the Apollo software which last month was added in its entirety to the code-sharing site GitHub: From my own perspective, the software experience itself (designing it, developing it, evolving it, watching it perform and learning from it for future systems) was at least as exciting as the events surrounding the mission. Profiled in "American Classic Screen Interviews" (Scarecrow Press). [17], Hamilton's early experience as a teacher fueled a lifelong interest in educational issues. Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio to Jennie and Walter Hamilton. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. [15], Hamilton remained a lifelong friend of The Wizard of Oz castmate Ray Bolger (the scarecrow). Journey for Margaret. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. We have estimated We recommend you to check the complete list of Famous People born on 9 December. Hamilton costarred opposite Buster Keaton and Richard Cromwell in a 1940s spoof of the long-running local melodrama The Drunkard, titled The Villain Still Pursued Her. [27] We had to find a way and we did. So I was assigned this program and I actually got it to work. If the computer hadn't recognized this problem and taken recovery action, I doubt if Apollo 11 would have been the successful moon landing it was. Margaret Brainard Hamilton (December 9, 1902 May 16, 1985) was an American actress and educator. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". [13] Hamilton continued acting regularly until 1982; her last roles were two guest appearances as veteran journalist Thea Taft (in 1979 and 1982) on Lou Grant. She strove to work as much as possible to support herself and her son; she never put herself under contract to any one studio and priced her services at $1,000 ($18,800 with inflation[4]) a week.[5]. Hamilton's plain looks helped to bring steady work as a character actress. Soon after, Neil Armstrong radioed the expected message to Houston: The Eagle has landed, The Eagle has landed. Earlham College, Richmond. Margaret Hamilton had no trouble reconciling her career at NASA with her mothering role. NASA was so impressed with the software used in Apollo that the basis of it was adapted for Skylab (the first U.S. space station), the space shuttle (which ran more than 100 successful missions in Earth orbit and two fatal failures between 1981 and 2011) and the first digital fly-by-wire systems in aircraft. In 1945, she played the domineering sister of Oz co-star Jack Haley in George White's Scandals, comically trying to prevent him from marrying actress Joan Davis, even going so far as to throw a hatchet at her. Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 1958. [14] The SAGE Project was an extension of Project Whirlwind, started by MIT to create a computer system that could predict weather systems and track their movements using simulators. Bill Dunford We have a full Biography, Photos, Theatre Credits, and more! Her father, Thomas Storey, was the founder of the Stanford University School of Health. In one of the critical moments of the Apollo 11 mission, the Apollo Guidance Computer, together with the on-board flight software, averted an abort of the landing on the Moon. Margaret Hamilton (educator) (1871-1969), American educator Margaret Hamilton (actress) (1902-1985), American film character actress Margaret Hamilton (software engineer) (born 1936), American software engineer Margaret Hamilton (publisher) (1941-2022), Australian publisher of children's literature Discover Margaret Hamilton's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. [36], When Hamilton started using the term "software engineering" during the early Apollo missions,[57] software development was not taken seriously compared to other engineering,[58] nor was it regarded as a science. [24] She worked to gain hands-on experience during a time when computer science courses were uncommon and software engineering courses did not exist. "All of a sudden, the normal mission sequences were interrupted by priority displays of 1201 and 1202 alarms, giving the astronauts a go/no-go decision (to land or not to land)," she added. In Wired magazine, she said in 2015 "I enjoyed school, but there was something about maths that I loved more than anything". Would spoof her famous role of The Wicked Witch of The West in a 1976 Paul Lynde Halloween Special for television. "Kindergarten Lost Margaret Hamilton." Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, to Jennie (Adams) and Walter Hamilton. In 2019, she was awarded the Intrepid Lifetime Achievement Award. Danko sat on a smoking pipe configured to look like the Witch's broomstick. A former schoolteacher, she worked as a character actress in films for seven years before she was offered the role that defined her public image. We had to find a way and we did. Contrary to her character, one of the top villains in movie . Discover today's celebrity birthdays and explore famous people who share your birthday. Played Aunt Eva on the radio series Ethel and Albert in the 1940s and 1950s . She led a team that was tasked with developing the software for the guidance and control systems of the in-flight command and lunar modules of the Apollo missions. Hamilton was initially hired as a programmer for this process but moved on into systems design. [19] She later moved to Millbrook, New York. [11], In Boston, Hamilton initially intended to enroll in graduate study in abstract mathematics at Brandeis University. [4] They divorced in 1967 and Margaret married Dan Lickly two years later.[80][82]. Early life [ edit] In the episode, entitled "Triptych for a Witch," Hamilton played the title role. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. "The award included the largest financial award that NASA had ever presented to any individual up to that point. She had three grandchildren, Christopher, Scott, and Margaret. According to MIT, this was the first air defense system for the country and helped to push forward digital computing in the 1950s and 1960s. In 1962, Hamilton played Leora Scofield, a suffragette who arrives in Laramie, Wyoming, to bolster feminist causes in a territory where women had already obtained the right to vote, in the episode "Beyond Justice" of NBC's Laramie. [4], Hamilton then joined the Charles Stark Draper Laboratory at MIT, which worked on the Apollo Space Mission. Having started on the stage in the early 1930s, she began to work extensively in the theater after leaving Los Angeles. Only co-star Frank Morgan played more roles (five) in the film. Three minutes before the lunar lander reached the Moon's surface, several computer alarms were triggered. The solution came from a young Margaret who assured the Mission Director that she could safely ignore the two error messages. [50], Hamilton was the CEO of HOS through 1984[20] and left the company in 1985. Mutual respect was across the board. Danko made the fiery entrance to Munchkinland, not Hamilton. She is one of the people credited with coining the term "software engineering". "[64][65], In 2019, to celebrate 50 years to the Apollo landing, Google decided to make a tribute to Hamilton. [38] Paul Curto, senior technologist who nominated Hamilton for a NASA Space Act Award, called Hamilton's work "the foundation for ultra-reliable software design".[23]. While her acting career developed, her marriage began to fail; the couple divorced in 1938. August 17, 2016. The content of the programs was printed on continuous paper and stored in large folders. "Hamilton contributed to concepts of asynchronous software, priority scheduling and priority displays, and human-in-the-loop decision capability, which set the foundation for modern, ultra-reliable software design and engineering," the citation for her medal read. Margaret Elaine Hamilton (born Heafield on August 17, 1936) is an American computer scientist, systems engineer, and business owner. Pufnstuf herself being spoofed by actress Billie Hayes. During the 1960s and 1970s, Hamilton appeared regularly on television. August 17, 2016. Elizabeth Howell (she/her), Ph.D., is a staff writer in the spaceflight channel since 2022 covering diversity, education and gaming as well.

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